Posts Tagged ‘history’

The Brazilian Republic

Saturday, May 12th, 2012

It is what we can perceive when the anniversary of one year of the implementation of the regimen is come close. The Brazilian Republic inserted in the context social politician and new groups and entirely new environments that demanded new instruments that assured or expressed social cohesion structuralizing its relations. Speaking candidly Midtown Manhattan Accommodations told us the story. The public holidays, ceremonies, heroes, official symbols that had started to command an army each bigger time of used of the state and creating a public each bigger time of mobilization for participation of the parties being exteriorizada in the participation of diverse sectors that composed the society at that moment. We can observe this important characteristic when we notice the periodic call of the Daily one of Notice: Civic stroll Of day 15 of November Order of the prestito i martial Band proceeded from a pole of would cavallaria, with bugles front II Three cavalleiros empunhando the brazileiro standard, tipped for paraenses flags. III General superior commander, commandantes and officiaes of the national guard IV alegorico Car synthetisando the republic and the State of Par v the arts and the officios represented for the different artistic corporations, with its trophus, allegoricos distinctivos and cars VI the commercio, for the presidents and members of the association and the together commercial, society commerciaes and too much members of the commercial corporation. VII the press for the different writing heads and more journalists.

VIII the magistracy for the members for the court of the relations and judges, having its front president d? aquelle court. IX the secondary teaching for the congregations of the lyceo and the Normal School and professors of educandos sciencia of the institute, having its front the directors of this establishment X the clergy. XI It I exercise for the commandante colonel of the weapons with its bigger state, officiaes that will not be in the bodies and squares active, remodelled and honorary that they will not form, commandados for the respective assistant.

Francis Drake

Tuesday, May 1st, 2012

The storms, each more difficult than the predecessor, generated wear and failure of various units. On the 28th, to the concern of the king, he was notified of the following fact: Forty boats had separated too much from the bulk of the fleet and there was no more news. It was precisely this that the alarm woke English. Unfortunately for the Spanish, their wide deviation from the original route allowed a British ship, the "Golden Hind", could sight the enemy presence. Thomas Fleming, commander of that ship, quickly gave the alarm. Just then, tells a story (not very credible) that involves the famous Francis Drake. It is said that when the "Big" reached the height of Fowey, and the English coastal lighthouses and announcing their presence, the experienced sailor who at that time was bowling, said: We have time to finish the game.

Then beat the Spanish. True or not, the following fact was that the British could not go to sea to begin the defense as the weather and sea were against. In addition, the rising tide and the breeze against the English favored the Spanish, sailing upwind and downwind. Inexplicably, Medina-Sidonia, against the advice of his other commanders, ordered not to attack until the fleet was complete. According to historians, the untimely decision, which blew a golden opportunity to destroy the English navy, can only be understood in the extreme fidelity of Guzman, who did not want to banish the King's orders. The direct conflagration had to wait until the 31st, when the British fleet (which consisted of 226 vessels of smaller tonnage, although similar in number of guns) starts timid briefly their attacks on enemy ships.

King Priam

Tuesday, April 24th, 2012

After the work, the remnants of the Greek navy and pretended from Greek spy, Sinon, convinced the Trojans accepted the horse as a peace offering and honoring Athena. The Trojans, despite the warnings of Laocoon, priest of Apollo and Cassandra, daughter of Priam, king of Troy, willingly accepted the trophy. What is ignored is that in the great horses, hundreds of soldiers waited for the night Achaeans to attack. The supposed end of the war and the victory of Troy dominated the mood of the city. Embedded glory, its residents organized a big party where the drinking, dancing and thanks to the gods were not lacking.

Men Achaeans, led by Odysseus, waiting patiently in the morning. The ongoing silence of the city gave them the signal waiting. The Trojans, absolutely drunk, watched in horror as the Achaeans descended from the large wooden horse. Unable to defend itself, the resistance was useless. The proud and impregnable Troy, 10 years after the war began, was sacked without mercy.

They had fulfilled the prophecy of the gods. The news of the fall of Troy full of joy to the whole Greece. The main heroes of this story, each with different circumstances, returned to their homelands after meeting the recommendation was the ghost of Achilles: The sacrifice of Polyxena, the Trojan princess, the youngest child of the marriage between Hecuba and King Priam. All major Greek militia leaders (Idomeneo, Neoptolomeo, son of Achilles, among others) returned to their land. King Menelaus brought back home to the beautiful Helen, who despite the years, was irresistible.

Troy War

Thursday, March 29th, 2012

With luck sometimes in favor of the Achaeans, and another for the Trojans, and even with the involvement of semi-gods and gods in the fight, only the genius of a different man, Odysseus, tip the balance: After the moral catastrophe that meant the death of Achilles, he devised a new trick: Order the construction skilled soldier Epeius a large wooden horse as a gift and end of the war. After the work, the remnants of the Greek navy and pretended from Greek spy, Sinon, convinced the Trojans accepted the horse as a peace offering and in honor of Athena. The Trojans, despite the warnings of Laocoon, priest of Apollo and Cassandra, daughter of Priam, king of Troy, willingly accepted the trophy. What is ignored is that in the great horses, hundreds of soldiers waited for the night Achaeans to attack. The supposed end of the war and the victory of Troy dominated the mood of the city.

Embedded glory, its residents organized a big party where the drinking, dancing and thanks to the gods were not lacking. Men Achaeans, led by Odysseus, waiting patiently in the morning. The progressive silence of the city gave them the signal waiting. The Trojans, absolutely drunk, watched in horror as the Achaeans descended from the large wooden horse. Unable to defend itself, the resistance was useless. The proud and impregnable Troy, 10 years after the war began, was sacked without mercy. They had fulfilled the prophecy of the gods. The news of the fall of Troy full of joy to the whole Greece.

Social Civilizations

Saturday, January 7th, 2012

Militarism nadlamyvaet civilization, involving local government in the internecine fratricidal wars. In this suicidal course of the entire social tissue becomes fuel for the flames devouring Moloch. " Social disintegration is a favorable condition for geographic expansion. "A society in decline, tends to push the date and hour of its death, directing all their life force for material projects a gigantic scale, which is nothing but a desire to deceive agonizing consciousness, doomed his own incompetence and fate in death. " Arnold Toynbee in detail reveals the mechanism of the decay of civilizations, which is important for understanding the content of the transition period.

He notes that "with the consolidation of power over the environment begins the process of fracture and decay, not growth. This is manifested in the escalation of internal wars. A series of wars leads to a breakdown, which is amplified, goes into decay. " Growing social fissures, begins the split of society – the vertical, when "society divided into a number of local states, which is the basis for a bloody civil war, "and horizontal, when society is divided into three groups: the dominant minority, not willing to part with its dominant position and provided for the maintenance of a universal state, internal proletariat, giving birth to the universal church, external proletariat, organized in mobile military units, attacking the dying civilization. In the struggle between these three forces is the decay of civilization.

"In the history of the fall of any civilization can catch the rhythm of the collapse … for depression, which begins at a break, you should revival, which coincides with the foundation of a universal state. However, this process ends, in turn, cracked, marking the beginning of a new recession, beyond which recovery does not occur, but will follow final collapse. " In the decay of civilizations can play an important role outside influence, what Toynbee calls the external proletariat, which often explodes the boundaries stagnant society. Toynbee concept is valuable because It gives a detailed picture of the life cycles of local civilizations, their mechanisms of change of generations. But this generational change, the collapse of local civilizations is largely a consequence of the rhythm of world civilizations, forming a symphony of universal historical progress and the clock in the life cycle of local civilizations.

General Assembly

Thursday, March 24th, 2011

Armelina project won first prize in the French Astronomical Society, but ultimately did not has become a global standard. In 1923 the League of Nations was created by the International Committee on calendar reform (in Geneva). During its existence, the Committee reviewed and published a great number of projects that were sent from many countries the world (take part national committees on calendar reform, research organizations and private individuals). In 1937 the committee began discussion of two draft calendars: French with 12 months and the Swiss with 13 months having 28 days in each month. The Swiss project was rejected, but the French had been approved by 70 countries (previously in 1922, a project of this calendar was approved by the International Astronomical Union). However, the resistance of the church and the beginning of the Second World War stopped the implementation of the calendar reform. In 1953, the calendar reform was again discussed already in the un, through the initiative of the Indian delegation, which proposed "to ratify for the whole world a new, uniform and permanent calendar astronomically coordinated with the motion of Earth around the Sun, which would be more correct from a scientific point of view, reasonable and beneficial, compared to the Gregorian calendar. In 1954, the project new 12-month calendar (similar to the calendar Armelina) was approved by the 18th session of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations and recommend for consideration by the un General Assembly.

In this calendar year was also divided into 4 quarters, each containing 91 days. "Vnekalendarny" New Year's Day (the day before the 1st of January) was supposed to call "Day of Peace and Friendship of Peoples", and "vnekalendarny" day of the leap year (which is now located between 30 June and 1 July) – a leap day. The project was supported at the international level, some countries in the world, including the Soviet Union, India and France. But he opposed the adoption of religious organizations, retain influence in many countries, as well as supporters of the preservation of traditions. Therefore, the U.S. government, Great Britain, Netherlands, Indonesia and some other countries refused to accept the draft of a new calendar Explaining the decision for religious reasons. To date, plans for the introduction of this calendar in daily use is actually frozen.